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详解PHP会话存储方式


  先确认会话是否自动开启还是需要通过session_start()来手动开启:

  ; 指定会话模块是否在请求开始时自动启动一个会话。默认为 0(不启动)

  ; Initialize session on request startup.

  ; http://php.net/session.auto-start

  session.auto_start = 0

  在客户端,会话可以存储在cookie或者通过URL参数来获取。依赖于服务器的配置:

  ; 指定是否在客户端用 cookie 来存放会话 ID。默认为 1(启用)

  ; Whether to use cookies.

  ; http://php.net/session.use-cookies

  session.use_cookies = 1

  ; 指定是否在客户端仅仅使用 cookie 来存放会话 ID。。启用此设定可以防止有关通过 URL 传递会话 ID 的攻击。

  ; This option forces PHP to fetch and use a cookie for storing and maintaining

  ; the session id. We encourage this operation as it's very helpful in combatting

  ; session hijacking when not specifying and managing your own session id. It is

  ; not the end all be all of session hijacking defense, but it's a good start.

  ; http://php.net/session.use-only-cookies

  session.use_only_cookies = 1

  如果确认存储在cookie中,则可以进一点配置会话存储在cookie中的各项配置,如cookie_name,cookie_lifetime,cookie_path,cookie_domain,cookie_secure,cookie_httponly

  ; Name of the session (used as cookie name).

  ; http://php.net/session.name

  session.name = PHPSESSID

  ; Lifetime in seconds of cookie or, if 0, until browser is restarted.

  ; http://php.net/session.cookie-lifetime

  session.cookie_lifetime = 0

  ; The path for which the cookie is valid.

  ; http://php.net/session.cookie-path

  session.cookie_path = /

  ; The domain for which the cookie is valid.

  ; http://php.net/session.cookie-domain

  session.cookie_domain =

  ; Whether or not to add the httpOnly flag to the cookie, which makes it inaccessible to browser scripting languages such as JavaScript.

  ; http://php.net/session.cookie-httponly

  session.cookie_httponly =

  在服务器端,同样也可以通过多种方式来存储会话。默认会话存储在文件中,此时session.save_path为创建存储文件的路径。

  ; Handler used to store/retrieve data.

  ; http://php.net/session.save-handler

  session.save_handler = files

  ; Argument passed to save_handler. In the case of files, this is the path

  ; where data files are stored. Note: Windows users have to change this

  ; variable in order to use PHP

  's session functions.

  ;

  ; The path can be defined as:

  ;

  ; session.save_path = "N;/path"

  ;

  ; where N is an integer. Instead of storing all the session files in

  ; /path, what this will do is use subdirectories N-levels deep, and

  ; store the session data in those directories. This is useful if you

  ; or your OS have problems with lots of files in one directory, and is

  ; a more efficient layout for servers that handle lots of sessions.

  ;

  ; NOTE 1: PHP will not create this directory structure automatically.

  ; You can use the script in the ext/session dir for that purpose.

  ; NOTE 2: See the section on garbage collection below if you choose to

  ; use subdirectories for session storage

  ;

  ; The file storage module creates files using mode 600 by default.

  ; You can change that by using

  ;

  ; session.save_path = "N;MODE;/path"

  ;

  ; where MODE is the octal representation of the mode. Note that this

  ; does not overwrite the process's umask.

  ; http://php.net/session.save-path

  ;session.save_path = "/tmp"

  PHP支持通过session_set_save_handler来实现会话处理器的自定义open, close, read, write, destroy, gc处理函数,常见的会话处理器包括使用内存型分配(如mm,memcache等),也可以使用数据库进行存储。由此可见,若需要会话存储与文件系统(例如用数据库PostgreSQL Session Save Handler或默认的文件存储files)协同工作的,此时有可能造成用户定制的会话处理器丢失了未存储数据的会话。若使用内存型分配存储,又需要考虑会话持久化存储问题。

  接下来重点讲解memcache(d?)会话处理器。

  Memcache模块提供了于memcached方便的面向过程及面向对象的接口,memcached是为了降低动态web应用 从数据库加载数据而产生的一种常驻进程缓存产品。

  Memcache模块同时提供了一个session 处理器 (memcache).

  更多关于memcached的信息请参见» http://www.memcached.org/.

  memcached是一个高性能分布式的内存对象缓存系统, 通常被用于降低数据库加载压力以提高动态web应用的响应速度。

  此扩展使用了libmemcached库提供的api与memcached服务端进行交互。它同样提供了一个session处理器(memcached)。 它同时提供了一个session处理器(memcached)。

  关于libmemcached的更多信息可以在» http://libmemcached.org/libMemcached.html查看。

  memcache会话处理器配置:

  session.save_handler = memcache

  session.save_path = "tcp://127.0.0.1:11211?persistent=0&weight=1&timeout=1&retry_interval=15,tcp://127.0.0.1:11212?persistent=0&weight=1&timeout=1&retry_interval=15,tcp://127.0.0.1:11213?persistent=0&weight=1&timeout=1&retry_interval=15,tcp://127.0.0.1:11214?persistent=0&weight=1&timeout=1&retry_interval=15"

  数据库处理器可以使用Session PgSQL来实现(此扩展被认为已无人维护)。也可以使用其它数据库来实现会话存储,只不过需要自定义处理器函数function.session-set-save-handler.php。具体自定义处理器可参见maria at junkies dot jp。

www.phpzy.comtrue/php/4257.htmlTechArticle详解PHP会话存储方式 先确认会话是否自动开启还是需要通过session_start()来手动开启: ; 指定会话模块是否在请求开始时自动启动一个会话。默认为 0(不启动) ; Initialize session on request s...

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